How are projects that reach villages like yours?
The commercials arrive, they offer owners lease their land paying them per hectare 10 times more of the agricultural income, which can be true at first, but the contracts are of enormous insecurity. The signing people; Politicians say “this is great,” creates employment and help to depopulation (knowing that it is false) and these companies, which pay a misery regarding what they are going to win, resell the project and give the first ball. The second company sells it to an investment fund and enters the financial circuit. There is no interest in making an ecological transition, it is pure business consented by the administrations that only see investment without assessing the environmental or territorial impact with the industrialization of areas where there were alternative rural development projects. The matches, whether they are, say that doors cannot be put to private initiative. Capital 3,000 companies that will not produce energy are given the capacity to expropriate. They are implanted in territories where they will not have a answer and are allowed to skip environmental protection and are not forced to include mechanisms to stabilize the network.
Why do they bet?
There are two models of implantation: one distributed and decentralized (Germany, Australia or South Africa) where energy communities and self -consumption prevail. The other is that of renewable macro. In Germany they have 70 GW installed thanks to self -consumption and in Spain we are in 25.6. And if large plants are needed, we propose to be done on degraded or industrial land and not invading rustic zone and starting olive trees. There are reports that claim that taking advantage of roofs or vacant lots would not have to use agricultural hectares, but they are being installed in fertile and protected areas. They are eliminated up to 20 centimeters of plant layer, which has needed centuries to form and not recover. In addition, what will happen to panels or mills when the projects end because they are not recyclable and the management of their waste is very expensive? There is the possibility that they are left in the territories and the responsibility will be of the municipalities or of the individuals. You have to plan the transition, because right now it is a ball.
Is it still possible to plan?
The projects that are already approved or managed, exceed the objectives of the Renewable Energy Government Plan for the coming years. The plan is to reach 160 GW, for which the 30 winds that exist and the 25 lots would have to be doubled, but the projects are already above those 160. Right now, it is more difficult to move forward an energy community than a macroplanta. For example, Aragon has a single energy community.
Is there more affected CC AA?
There is a lot of territorial imbalance. A large number of projects in Extremadura, Galicia, Castilla and Andalusia and none in Madrid, Catalonia and the Basque Country, the communities with more consumption.
Italy has forbidden to occupy agricultural soil and defend the agrovoltaic that we also heard in Spain, could it be a solution?
Any farmer you ask, will tell you that it is impossible to put the sheep in a photovoltaic plant because the cables are going to eat. It is not real. In Spain there is no agrovoltaic; It exists in countries that have legislated it and where 70% of the installation is agriculture and 30% of the surface is agrovoltaic. That is, photovoltaic placed in height so that the earth can be worked under. There is no project beyond a pilot that serves as propaganda. What happens here (expropriations of land) in countries like France would be unthinkable. This happens in Greece, Portugal, Spain. There is a total lack of protection of the landscape and, in addition, taking advantage of the Ukraine War has gone back to environmental legislation. It is contradictory that in the same place where there are approved plans for the protection of steppe birds, these developments are allowed.