Being composed of quantum bits or superimposed qubits, which can be either 0, 1 or both at the same time. Therefore, since it is such a complex and relevant field for scientific advancement, we break down some of its most important data.
The principle of quantum computing
When we talk purely about quantum computing, we refer to the study and technologies oriented to quantum physics. Whose objective is to solve problems in the most efficient way possible. This is through the phenomenon of superposition and quantum entanglement, which allows the computer to perform calculations, generate simulations and explore disruptive solutions in parallel.
This is how it is capable of maintaining multiple states simultaneously, which translates into enormous calculation and computing power. By entangled these states, something known as quantum entanglement occurs, which Albert Einstein described as “Spooky Action at a Distance.” Basically allowing interaction between separate qubits, where any alteration ends up affecting the next one.
How are they different from conventional supercomputers?
A quantum computer is based on qubits that allow solutions to be calculated and explored in parallel, this added to the quantum entanglement that guarantees communication between them. As well as algorithms designed to take advantage of these characteristics, solving problems more efficiently than those used by conventional ones. Which was demonstrated when Google solved in 200 seconds a problem that would take the most powerful supercomputer of 2019 10,000 years.
Advantages and challenges to address
Quantum computing Solve complex problems in seconds. Not to mention its energy efficiency and lower carbon emission. In addition to being more scalable than conventional computers. For example, 200 qubits are not twice as efficient as 100, but rather their efficiency is multiplied. However, there is a problem and that is that the latter lose their properties when interacting with the environment, which ends up degrading their capabilities.
The potential of quantum computing
Quantum computing has great potential in a wide variety of fields. This ranges from process optimization to the simulation of complex systems, development or discovery of new materials and, of course, Artificial Intelligence. As well as quantum teleportation, a particular concept that involves sending quantum calculations or information from one place to another in a matter of seconds. Without the need for physical elements, but using the principle of quantum entanglement.
Quantum computing as a driver of AI
Quantum computing also has a place in the development of AI, even long before its rise in the current industry. It is currently being investigated by experts in the field as a means of facilitating complex calculations in the aerospace industry. As well as in sectors such as logistics, materials research, nanotechnology, cryptography and medicine. This is how, despite the challenges it poses, it offers the possibility of accelerating the deployment of AI in various areas of the industry.
Impact of quantum computing in today's world
This is how quantum computing significantly impacts today's industry, accelerating research and scientific advancement. One of the main fields where its capacity is reflected is in the simulation of systems and resolution of complex scientific and mathematical problems. This goes hand in hand with the implementation of solutions such as nanotechnology or materials that contribute to the production of drugs. In addition to his contribution in optimization of AI algorithms.
The future of quantum computing
As we approach 2024, experts consider the future and development of new trends. Among them, quantum computing is presented as a promise for innovation. In fact, it is said that it would become the next disruptive change after AI, boosting sectors such as finance, pharmaceuticals, sustainability and data security.
A means to solve complex problems
Quantum computing goes one level beyond conventional solutions, as Mark Potter (Chief Technology Officer at Hewlett Packard Enterprise) commented during his interview with ITPro in 2019. In this sense, stating that it has the ability to “simulate nature” and therefore, help the discovery of chemical materials or compounds. As well as the resolution of quantum physics problems in which the “interrelationship between properties is important.”
Undo quantum operations
Also, There is another point in which quantum computing differs from its conventional counterpart. In computing, many encounter difficulties in reverting changes or, for example, recovering a file completely deleted from the system. However, in quantum computing this is not the case, due to the principle that performs the calculations. Hence, each solution has a reverse operation that allows its effects to be reversed and guarantees the correction of errors.
Leading organizations in the development of quantum computing
Today there are many organizations working inthe development of quantum solutions. Among which are architectures developed by Google, NASA, IBM and even giants like Microsoft that encourage the development of new quantum solutions. These would be recently joined by Atom Computing, who developed the world's first quantum computer of more than 1,000 qubits of neutral atoms.